Hair dressing



Patented Apr. 5, W32

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FIRED BRYNER, F MIDLAND, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, MIDLAND, MICHIGAN, A. CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN HAIR DRESSING No Drawing. Application filed October 1,

The subject matter of the present invention is concerned with cosmetics, and more particularly with such a material that is suitable for a hair dressing.

In the past, materials of the type in question have consisted usually of a wax or gum, such as beeswax, gum arabic, gum resin, tragacanth, etc., dissolved in ethyl alcohol and mixed with an oil such as a petroleum jelly, glycerine, olive oil or an animal fat, and made to a consistency suitable for a paste or thick liquid. These compositions usually also contain small quantities of dye and perfume to impart a desired color and odor thereto, and sufficient be-nzoic, boric, or salicylic acids to prevent rancidity or equivalent decomposition therein when plant or animal products are used. The purpose of such hair dressing is to keep the hair in a satisfactory condition, easy to keep combed and smooth in appearance. Frequently, however, the hair thus treated becomes matted, greasy. or otherwise unattractive due to the crystallization of the constituents thereof when the alcohol solvent evaporates, and for other reasons.

I have found tri-aryl phosphates, such as 'gphenyl-bi-diphenyh. cresyl-diphenyL, tri-cresyl-, phenyl-dicresyl-, etc, phosphates, to be suitable and effective materials for hair dressing compositions, many'of such phosphates being heavy. almost colorless, viscous liquids.

I have also found the substances in question to be practically non-irritating, non-poisonous, and largely tasteless and odorless, and such phosphates to possess germicidal action in sufiicient amount largely to prevent decomposition or other similar action in the composition wherein employed. My invention,then, consists of the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description setting forth in detail several approved combinations of ingredients embodying my invention, such disclosed means constituting, however, but several of various ways in which the principle of the invention may be used.

Inproceeding according to my invention. I preferably employ a liquid phosphate as previously indicated and mix the same'in a 1930'. Serial No. 485,829.

suitable vessel in the usual manner with a quantity of an-oil, such as olive oil, for instance, which serves to moisten and oil the hair and scalp, and also to be beneficial in producing other favorable results with the phosphate employed. The phosphate-oil mixture may noW be diluted with or dissolved in alcohol to a desired consistency and, if desired, a small quantity of dyeing material and perfume added. The hair dressing composition thus prepared is practically greaseless and may be applied in the usual way, the hair treated maintaining a comb for a lon er time and presenting a smooth and attractlve appearance.

The following examples set forth several preferred compositions illustrating my invention; it is understood, however,"that such examples do not thus limit my invention.

Emamp le I Phenyl bi-diphenyl (monophenyl bi-orthodiphenyl) phosphate 40 grams Castor oil 25 grams Ethyl alcohol (20 percentwa-ter) perfumed with geranium 1 litre Chlorophyll solution 5 cc.

Example II Phenyl bi-diphenyl (monophenyl bi-orthodiphenyl) phosphate 40 grams In the foregoing examples liquid organic phosphates were used. Many of the compounds ,coming within the scope of my invention, however, are crystalline salts when pure, but become heavy viscous oils when mixed with other phosphates or even when various impurities are present. In the usual method for making such phosphates, which consists of reacting a phenolic compoundnarily is a crystalline material, is mixed with the other constituents ofrthe' hair dressing composition, such mixture remains practically liquid after the dissolving solvent has been substantially removed therefrom.

The constituents adapted to be used in conjunction with the materials forming the subject matter of my hair dressing composi- I 1 tion may be much varied. Petroleum jellies or oils may be desirable because of their stability and relative cheapness, but the results obtained thereby are mostly inferior to those obtained by vegetable and animal oils, the

latter of which, in combination with the phosphates enumerated previously, appear to possess certain hair stimulating and other valuable properties which are practically absent when the petroleum product is similarly used. Although glycerine has been used with/or in place of the vegetable or animal oils, yet it is known to dry up and injure the hair, and therefore the same is preferably not incorporated in my hair dressing composition. Preservatives are necessary when vegetable and animal oils are specified, but when these materials are used with the tri-aryl phosphates, for. instance, the free phenol content of the latter is usually suflicient to make other preservatives unnecessary. When preservatives are indicated, however, boric and salicyclic acids and tincture of benzoin are found adaptable. Perfumes such as rose, geranium, or almond oil in small quantities, are suitable to add to cover the natural tint of the oils or greases of the composition and to impart thereto the odor desired. My hair dressing compositions as obtained in the above examples are practically colorless, light to heavy viscous liquids,.which may be conveniently colored by adding thereto small amounts of such coloring materials, for instance, as solutions or extracts of caramel for yellows or browns, cochineal for reds. chlorophyll or bergamot oil for greens, indigo for blues, etc. Obviously, numerous other combinations of materials embodying my invention may be made.

'My invention, briefly, consists then in a new composition of matter comprising an organic phosphate and suitablefor use as a hair dressing material, thereby providing a composition that is effective, substantially non-irritating, non-poisonous, and which may be conveniently and economically compounded and used.

Other modes of applying the principleof my invention may be employed instead of those explained, change being made as regards the materials employed, provided the ingredients stated by any of the following claims or the equivalent of such stated ingredients be employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention 1. A hair dressin composition comprising a tri-aryl phosp ate.

. A hair dressing composition compris 2 in% phenyl bi-diphenyl phosphate.

FRED BRYNER.

igned by me this 26 day of September, 

